AUTHORS:
Karol García-Aguilar Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
Yareth Gopar-Cuevas Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
María-de-Lourdes Chávez-Briones Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
Marta Ortega-Martínez Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
Gilberto Jaramillo-Rangel Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico

ABSTRACT:
Gram stain remains one of the most universally used techniques for microbiological diagnosis. In clinical practice, situations may arise in which the establishment of the etiology of certain bacterial infections is limited to histological findings. Although conventional Gram stain works very well to identify bacteria in smears from liquid samples, its application is not appropriate for tissue sections, because connective tissue and other elements of biopsies stain easily and nonspecifically with the dyes used in the technique, which complicates the visualization of bacteria. Therefore, the objective of this work was to optimize Gram stain to be able to detect bacteria in histological sections where the morphology of the tissue can be appreciated, thus increasing the possibility of observing the histopathological pattern underlying the disease. For this, sections from patients previously diagnosed with mycetoma or pyelonephritis were used. These sections were stain used in the standard protocol of Gram staining technique. Subsequently, the sections were immersed in tap water for two to three hours (depending on the tissue) to release excess dye. This step constitutes our optimization parameter. With the optimization carried out on the Gram stain in this work, it is possible to detect and differentiate bacteria and at the same time appreciate the morphology of the tissue, thus increasing the possibility of observing the histopathological pattern underlying the disease. Therefore, this technique could be of great support in the clinical setting for the histopathologist in the diagnosis of infections due to this type of agents.

Keywords: Gram Stain, Biopsies, Bacterial Infections, Diagnosis

Conference Venue: Male, Maldives
Conference Date: 5-7 November 2024

ISBN Number: 978-625-00-7517-3
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.53375/imhsc.2024.30


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